創建一個指向對象的引用變量的拷貝。
Teacherteacher=newTeacher("Taylor",26);
Teacherotherteacher=teacher;
System.out.println(teacher);
System.out.println(otherteacher);
輸出結果:
blog.Teacher@355da254
blog.Teacher@355da254
結果分析:由輸出結果可以看出,它們的地址值是相同的,那麼它們肯定是同一個對象。teacher和otherteacher的隻是引用而已,他們都指向了一個相同的對象Teacher(“Taylor”,26)。這就叫做引用拷貝。往期:一百期面試題彙總
(2)、對象拷貝
創建對象本身的一個副本。
Teacherteacher=newTeacher("Swift",26);
Teacherotherteacher=(Teacher)teacher.clone();
System.out.println(teacher);
System.out.println(otherteacher);
輸出結果:
blog.Teacher@355da254
blog.Teacher@4dc63996
結果分析:由輸出結果可以看出,它們的地址是不同的,也就是說創建了新的對象, 而不是把原對象的地址賦給了一個新的引用變量,這就叫做對象拷貝。
注:深拷貝和淺拷貝都是對象拷貝
二、淺拷貝(1)、定義被複制對象的所有變量都含有與原來的對象相同的值,而所有的對其他對象的引用仍然指向原來的對象。即對象的淺拷貝會對“主”對象進行拷貝,但不會複制主對象裡面的對象。”裡面的對象“會在原來的對象和它的副本之間共享。往期:100期面試題彙總
簡而言之,淺拷貝僅僅複制所考慮的對象,而不複制它所引用的對象
(2)、淺拷貝實例
packagecom.test; publicclassShallowCopy{ publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsCloneNotSupportedException{ Teacherteacher=newTeacher(); teacher.setName("riemann"); teacher.setAge(27); Student2student1=newStudent2(); student1.setName("edgar"); student1.setAge(18); student1.setTeacher(teacher); Student2student2=(Student2)student1.clone(); System.out.println("拷貝後"); System.out.println(student2.getName()); System.out.println(student2.getAge()); System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName()); System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getAge()); System.out.println("修改老師的信息後-------------"); //修改老師的信息 teacher.setName("Games"); System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName()); System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName()); } } classTeacherimplementsCloneable{ privateStringname; privateintage; publicStringgetName(){ returnname; } publicvoidsetName(Stringname){ this.name=name; } publicintgetAge(){ returnage; } publicvoidsetAge(intage){ this.age=age; } } classStudent2implementsCloneable{ privateStringname; privateintage; privateTeacherteacher; publicStringgetName(){ returnname; } publicvoidsetName(Stringname){ this.name=name; } publicintgetAge(){ returnage; } publicvoidsetAge(intage){ this.age=age; } publicTeachergetTeacher(){ returnteacher; } publicvoidsetTeacher(Teacherteacher){ this.teacher=teacher; } publicobjectclone()throwsCloneNotSupportedException{ Objectobject=super.clone(); returnobject; } }
輸出結果:
拷貝後 edgar 18 riemann 27 修改老師的信息後------------- Games Games
結果分析:兩個引用student1和student2指向不同的兩個對象,但是兩個引用student1和student2中的兩個teacher引用指向的是同一個對象,所以說明是淺拷貝。
三、深拷貝(1)、定義
深拷貝是一個整個獨立的對象拷貝,深拷貝會拷貝所有的屬性,并拷貝屬性指向的動态分配的内存。當對象和它所引用的對象一起拷貝時即發生深拷貝。深拷貝相比于淺拷貝速度較慢并且花銷較大。
簡而言之,深拷貝把要複制的對象所引用的對象都複制了一遍。
往期:100期面試題彙總
(2)、深拷貝實例
packagecom.test; publicclassDeepCopy{ publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsCloneNotSupportedException{ Teacher2teacher=newTeacher2(); teacher.setName("riemann"); teacher.setAge(27); Student3student1=newStudent3(); student1.setName("edgar"); student1.setAge(18); student1.setTeacher(teacher); student3student2=(Student3)student1.clone(); System.out.println("拷貝後"); System.out.println(student2.getName()); System.out.println(student2.getAge()); System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName()); System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getAge()); System.out.println("修改老師的信息後-------------"); //修改老師的信息 teacher.setName("Games"); System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName()); System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName()); } } classTeacher2implementsCloneable{ privateStringname; privateintage; publicStringgetName(){ returnname; } publicvoidsetName(Stringname){ this.name=name; } publicintgetAge(){ returnage; } publicvoidsetAge(intage){ this.age=age; } publicObjectclone()throwsCloneNotSupportedException{ returnsuper.clone(); } } classStudent3implementsCloneable{ privateStringname; privateintage; privateTeacher2teacher; publicStringgetName(){ returnname; } publicvoidsetName(Stringname){ this.name=name; } publicintgetAge(){ returnage; } publicvoidsetAge(intage){ this.age=age; } publicTeacher2getTeacher(){ returnteacher; } publicvoidsetTeacher(Teacher2teacher){ this.teacher=teacher; } publicObjectclone()throwsCloneNotSupportedException{ //淺複制時: //Objectobject=super.clone(); //returnobject; //改為深複制: Student3student=(Student3)super.clone(); //本來是淺複制,現在将Teacher對象複制一份并重新set進來 student.setTeacher((Teacher2)student.getTeacher().clone()); returnstudent; } }
輸出結果:
拷貝後 edgar 18 riemann 27 修改老師的信息後------------- Games riemann
結果分析:
兩個引用student1和student2指向不同的兩個對象,兩個引用student1和student2中的兩個teacher引用指向的是兩個對象,但對teacher對象的修改隻能影響student1對象,所以說是深拷貝。
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