一、理論常識

同位語從句是對其前面的抽象名詞（例如：idea , insistence , instruction , order , plan , proposal等）進行解釋說明，被解釋說明的詞和同位語在邏輯上是主表關系。同位語從句的結構一定是先行詞加引導詞加上從句的構成，that并不是唯一可以引導同位語從句的引導詞，whether , why , who . 從句一定要具有完整的句子結構，主謂賓都必須齊全，引導詞不充當任何成分。

常見先行詞：

belief , fact , hope , idea , doubt , news , rumor , conclusion , evidence ,suggestion , problem , order , answer , decision , discovery , explanation , information , knowledge , law , opinion , truth , promise , report , thought , statement , rule , possibility .

二、試題舉例

例句1：Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them . (2010,46)

【重點詞彙解析】distinctly，adv. 明顯地;eat up 吃光、耗盡

【參考翻譯】科學家急忙用一些明顯站不住腳的證據去營救，證據内容是如果鳥類不能控制昆蟲的話，他們會把我們吃光。

例句2：But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the media . (2007,48)

【重點詞彙解析】profoundly，adv. 深刻地；rest on 依靠、信賴

【參考翻譯】但是新聞記者必須比普通公民更深刻的理解法律，這種觀點基/依賴于新聞媒體對慣例和特殊責任的理解。

例句3：Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states , large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws .

【重點詞彙解析】sovereign，n. 君主、獨立國 adj. 有主權的;viable，adj. 可行的；integrate，v. (使……)成整體 adj. 整合的

【參考翻譯】他們普遍認為新生的國家是擁有主權和完全獨立的國家，大到經濟上可運行良好，并由一套共同法律讓各個新的獨立國家聯合起來。